Abarta stands as a noteworthy figure in Celtic mythology, recognized as a prominent deity linked to demons and significant events. Regarded as one of the most formidable gods of ancient Ireland, he is said to hold a status just below that of the Dagda. The meaning of his name translates to “bringer or brother of death.” Additionally, connections have been suggested between Abarta and the Roman god Mars, indicating his role in warfare. Despite limited historical references, it is believed that Abarta enjoyed widespread reverence throughout Ireland. Some scholars even draw parallels to Odin of Norse mythology, often associated with death wielded by the spear. Visually, Abarta is commonly represented as an elderly man distinguished by long white hair and a beard, draped in a green cloak.
The Identity of Abarta
For those intrigued by ancient Irish deities, exploring the lore surrounding Abarta can provide deeper insights. Within Irish mythology, he is occasionally depicted as the father of the Dagda. There is speculation about his identity, with Abarta (also known as Ábartach, potentially translating to “doer of deeds”) identified as a figure among the Tuatha Dé Danann or tied to the Fomorians and Fionn mac Cumhaill in different narratives.
The Significance of His Name
The term “Abarta” can be understood through two interpretations. One definition refers to “hearth,” while the other indicates “white” or “aged.” His association with these meanings often leads to the belief that his name is related to that of Odin. Further, Abarta’s perceived popularity in Scotland stems from his titles, “Lord of Evil” or “Lord of War,” marking him as a major figure opposed to the spirits of the deceased. He is also seen as the commander of the underworld and as a harbinger of prophecy.
Cult of Abarta in Scotland
The traditions surrounding Abarta reveal a rich history of demon worship across Scotland, although much of this knowledge has been lost over time. Nevertheless, remnants of veneration for Abarta persist, especially associated with the Picts, who were inhabitants of the land.
Alternative Names and Titles of Abarta
Amid the vast tapestry of Celtic mythology, Cian emerges as another significant deity. Known as the Naming God of the Tuatha Dé Danann, Cian, the son of the Dagda and goddess Brigid, served as a spiritual guide for those aspiring toward the afterlife. He is often viewed as a wise leader capable of healing various illnesses. The name “St. Cian,” also emerges, denoting a druid characterized by a humble lifestyle who fostered peace among Druid followers in Ireland, celebrated on the 3rd of March.
Further, Cu Chulainn, famed as the Young Warrior and a god of war, makes his mark as another notable deity, also associated with healing.
Worship Practices and Symbols of Abarta
Abarta’s representation frequently includes a spear known as the “white spear.” This spear was believed to have healing properties and was instrumental in rituals, associated with drawing blood for curing ailments. It was traditionally felt that consuming the flesh of a white pike can expedite healing from diseases. In European customs, hanging wooden slabs or pieces of bark with offerings including various foods symbolizes healing. On St. Abb’s Day, a customary act involved the tying of blue or white ribbons around tree roots as part of the worship.
Abarta’s Family Ties
Within the rich tapestry of Irish mythology, Abarta is linked to several goddesses referred to as the Nuns. He is also noted to have two daughters, named Ceitlin and Raine.
In Closing
The pantheon of Celtic deities is expansive, with ancient Irish gods like Abarta standing out distinctly. Each deity was unique yet shared a common thread: an insatiable drive for conflict as a means to maintain balance in the cosmos. These ancient gods, often embroiled in warfare amongst themselves, sought to assert dominion over both the celestial and earthly realms. The enigmatic nature of these Irish gods adds to their allure, with many remaining obscure, their identities often concealed from the living.
