Bragi: The God of Music and Poetry in Norse Mythology
Bragi, revered as the god of music and poetry among the Vikings, embodies the intricate link between sound and verse. Recognized for his wisdom and creativity, he excelled in the art of eloquence, whether expressed through song or recitation. This connection between musicality and poetry reflects the belief that a true artist must possess an extraordinary command over both crafts. According to Norse lore, Bragi’s remarkable singing voice and unparalleled talent for playing the harp made him the perfect figure to welcome fallen warriors to Valhalla with his melodic poetry and inspiring songs. His enchanting vocals captivated all who heard him, inducing an irresistible longing to possess the beauty of his voice.
Historically, references to Bragi can be found throughout Scandinavian art, with one notable depiction by Nils Blommer in 1846, showing him harmoniously playing the harp beside his youthful wife, Idunn.
The Persona of Bragi
Bragi, often portrayed as a middle-aged man with a long beard, is acknowledged as one of Odin’s sons. The beautiful goddess Idunn, known for her youthfulness, was his wife, and they resided in Asgard, the realm of the gods. The name Bragi literally translates to “Poet,” underscoring the Viking belief in the deep relationship between music and poetry. Furthermore, the term ‘bragamen’ was used to address poets, further aligning them with Bragi.
The Debate: Divine Being or Historical Bard?
A contentious topic among scholars is whether Bragi was once a human bard named Bragi Boddason from the 9th century, revered for his exceptional talent. It’s theorized that Odin, impressed by his artistry, elevated him to divinity with the role of composing and performing for the denizens of Valhalla. Over the course of history, the narrative of Bragi’s human origins faded, reinforcing his legendary divine status in Norse literature. The exact origins of Bragi’s cult remain elusive, with little evidence to support the notion that he was prevalent in the pre-Christian pantheon.
Contemporary Worship of Bragi
In modern times, Bragi’s worship persists among those who practice Norse paganism, preserving the reverence for the god of music and poetry. For instance, Jacob, an advocate for these ancient beliefs, shares rituals that often involve personal prayers and libations. His offerings during ceremonies include pouring beer into a Viking horn, placed beside a lyre, an instrument symbolically linked with Bragi. These rituals aim to invite the deity into their creative processes, emphasizing how poetry and music serve as conduits for connection and inspiration from Bragi.
In Jacob’s practice, he utilizes music and instruments, such as the ukulele and drums, as expressions of worship, reinforcing the notion that musical creativity is a pathway to honor Bragi and seek communion with him.
Bragi’s Ongoing Influence in Music
Bragi’s legacy continues to resonate with contemporary musicians, particularly in Norway, where his influence inspires compositions like “Bragi’s Harp,” a concerto for harp and symphony orchestra by Uno Alexander Vesje. This work embodies Bragi’s legendary musical skill, celebrating the vast landscapes of Norway and the rich musical culture linked to Viking heritage.
Suggested Readings
- Lindow, John (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press.
- Orchard, Andy (1997). Dictionary of Norse Myth and Legend. Cassell.
- DuBois, Thomas A. Nordic Religions in the Viking Age. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999.
- Lindow, John. (2004). Narrative Worlds, Human Environments, and Poets: The Case of Bragi. In Old Norse Religion in Long-Term Perspectives: Origins, Changes, and Interactions. Edited by Anders Andrén, Kristina Jennbert, and Catharina Raudvere, p. 21.
